Isingeniso Lo mfushane wenqubomgomo uyisifinyezo se-DIMA Health esethulweni sikaSolwazi Peter Waiswa, uchwepheshe oholayo kwezempilo kamama nezingane e-Afrika, ebhekana nezinselele ezinzima ezibhekene nezempilo komama ezwenikazi. USolwazi Waiswa uveza izithiyo ezinkulu, ezihlanganisa ubuholi obumpofu, uxhaso olunganele, nezinhlelo zezempilo ezintekenteke, ezithiya inqubekelaphambili ekwenzeni ngcono imiphumela yezempilo komama. Njengoba inani labantu base-Afrika elikhula ngokushesha kanye nentsha, isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo komama kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni ezayo. Lesi sifinyezo sihlinzeka ngesifinyezo sesimo sezempilo kamama esikhona njengamanje, sigcizelela izinselele eziyinhloko, futhi sinikeza izincomo zamasu okuthuthukisa imiphumela yezempilo komama yonkana e-Afrika. Amaphuzu Avelele Ayinhloko
- Ukukhula Okushesha Kwabantu : Isibalo sabantu e-Afrika esikhula ngokushesha sibeka ingcindezi enkulu ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo, okwenza kube nzima ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele kwabesifazane abakhulelwe nomama abasanda kuzalwa.
- Inqubekelaphambili Encane Ekwehliseni Ukushona komama : E-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, ukwehla kokushona komama ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha akwenzeki ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinjongo zomhlaba.
- Ukwenyuka Kokufa Kwabesifazane Ezindaweni Zasemadolobheni : Ukwanda kokushona komama emadolobheni kubonisa isidingo sokuthuthukiswa kokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
- Kudingeka Izenzo Ezibalulekile :
- Qinisa lonke uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
- Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuthuthukisa ukulethwa kokunakekelwa.
Isendlalelo Isibalo sabantu base-Afrika sikhula ngokushesha futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.5 ngo-2050. Ingxenye enkulu yalokhu kukhula izoba phakathi kwabantu abasha, okuholela ekukhulelweni okwengeziwe kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Nakuba kube nenqubekelaphambili ekunciphiseni ukushona komama emazweni ase-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, ngokuncipha kokukodwa kokuthathu phakathi kuka-2000 no-2020, ukwehla akwanele. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemigomo yomhlaba wonke yokubeletha okuphephile ngo-2030, amazinga okufa komama kufanele ehle cishe ngamaphesenti angama-90, okwenza kube nenselele enkulu. Izinkinga Eziyinhloko
- Izikhungo Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo Ezisindwa Kakhulu : Isibalo esandayo sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu base-Afrika sigcwele izibhedlela nemitholampilo, okuholela ekwandeni kwesidingo sezinsizakalo, okuhlanganisa nezindawo zokuhlinzwa.
- Ukungalingani Kwesifunda Ekufeni Komama : Amazinga okufa komama ahluka kakhulu e-Afrika yonkana. INtshonalanga Afrika inamanani aphezulu kakhulu, njengoba cishe ku-754 ukufa kwabantu abayizi-100,000, kuyilapho i-Afrika eseNingizimu inenani eliphansi kakhulu, nokufa kwabantu abangu-157 kwabayi-100,000 abazalwayo. Sekukonke, e-Afrika eseningizimu ye-Sahara, owesifazane unethuba eli-1 kwangu-40 lokufa ngenxa yezinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso somhlaba wonke so-1 kwabangu-210.
- Ukushintsha Izinselele Zezempilo : Nakuba amazinga okufa kwezingane ehlile, ukufa komama nabasanda kuzalwa kuhlala kuphezulu ngenxa yokunakekelwa okuphuthumayo okwanele. Izimbangela ezihamba phambili zokushona komama ukopha, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nezifo ngemva kokubeletha, eziningi zazo ezingagwemeka ngosizo lwezempilo olungcono.
- Ukushona Komama Emadolobheni : Ukushona komama ezindaweni zasemadolobheni kuyanda. Isibonelo, iKampala, inhloko-dolobha yase-Uganda, manje inezinga lokushona komama eliphakeme kakhulu ezweni, igqamisa izinselelo izibhedlela zasemadolobheni ezibhekana nazo ekuhlinzekeni ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
Imithelela Yenqubomgomo Imininingwane igcizelela izingozi zezempilo eziqhubekayo abesifazane base-Afrika ababhekana nazo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha ngaphandle uma kwenziwa izinguquko ezinkulu. Lezi zinkinga zidlulela ngale komkhakha wezokunakekelwa kwempilo futhi zibandakanya izici zezomnotho, zezenhlalo, nezepolitiki. Ukukhuluma nazo kudinga indlela enezici eziningi ezedlula “Imodeli Yokubambezeleka Okuthathu” yendabuko (ukubambezeleka kokufuna ukunakekelwa, ukufinyelela ukunakekelwa, nokwamukela ukunakekelwa). Izincomo
- Qinisa Izinhlelo Zezempilo : Ukuthuthukisa amandla ezibhedlela nemitholampilo ukuze kubhekwane nenani elandayo labesifazane abakhulelwe nomama abasanda kuzalwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwemithi eyanele, izinto zokusebenza, izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe, nokuphatha ngempumelelo.
- Izindawo zasemadolobheni eziqondiwe : Yenza amasu athile emadolobheni lapho ukufa komama kwenyuka khona. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa ukunakekelwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuthuthukisa ukufinyelela ezinsizeni zezempilo, kanye nokubhekana nezinselele eziyingqayizivele zasemadolobheni.
- Yamukela Ubuchwepheshe Obusha : Sebenzisa amathuluzi afana nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze uthuthukise ukulethwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo komama nokuqapha. Lobu buchwepheshe bungasiza ukuhlaziya idatha, ukusekela izinhlelo zezempilo zomphakathi, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha eziqinisekisiwe.
- Yamukela Amasu Afakazelwe : Sebenzisa izindlela eziphumelelayo ezivela ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zase-Afrika. Isibonelo, iSaving Mothers, Giving Life initiative yehlise kakhulu ukufa komama e-Uganda naseZambia ngokuqinisa izinhlelo zezempilo.
- Gxila Ekuvimbeleni : Gcizelela ukuvimbela izinkinga zempilo ngaphambi kokuba zivele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugqugquzela ukuhlela umndeni, ukusekela amalungelo abesifazane, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwezezimali, nokukhuthaza ukwesekwa komphakathi—konke okubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono impilo kamama.
Isiphetho Impilo kamama e-Afrika isesimweni esibucayi. Nakuba kube nokuthuthuka, izinselele ezinkulu zisekhona. Ukuzuza inqubekelaphambili ephusile kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuthuthukisa izikhungo zezempilo—kudinga ukubhekana nezinto eziningi ezithinta impilo yabesifazane, njengemfundo, ukuzinza kwezomnotho, nokulingana kobulili. Ngamasu alungile kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okwanele, i-Afrika ingenza igxathu elikhulu empilweni kamama, ekugcineni ifinyelele imigomo yomhlaba wonke yokubeletha okuphephile. Umgomo uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abesifazane e-Afrika bathola ukunakekelwa abakudingayo ukuze bahlale bephilile futhi babe nezingane ezinempilo. Lena inselele enkulu, kodwa ingafinyeleleka uma wonke umuntu esebenza ndawonye futhi egxila kulokho okuzuzisa ngempela omama. Ukuthuthukisa impilo kamama akukhona nje ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okungcono; kumayelana nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo jikelele yabesifazane. Izithenjwa
- Galal, S. (2024, Mashi 25). Isibikezelo sezinga lokukhula kwenani labantu e-Afrika kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2050. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1224222/forecast-of-population-growth-in-africa/#statisticContainer
- I-World Health Organization. (2022). Okuthrendayo kokushona komama kusukela ngo-2000 kuya ku-2020. Kutholwe ku- https://www.who.int
- Onambele, L., et al. (2023). Amathrendi, Okuqagelwe, kanye Nokwehluka Kwesifunda Sokushona Komama e-Afrika (1990–2030): Indlela Yokubikezela I-ARIMA. I-Epidemiologia, 4(3), 322–351. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4030032
- Conlon, CM, et al. (2019). Ukusindisa Omama, Ukunikeza Impilo: Kudinga uhlelo ukusindisa umama. Isayensi Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke Nokuzijwayeza, 7(sppl 1), S6-S26. https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00427
- Birabwa, C., et al. (2024). Impilo kamama emadolobheni: ukuhlaziywa kokushona komama ezikhungweni kanye nesistimu yezempilo e-Kampala City Uganda, 2016-2021. Ijenali Yemibiko Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke, 8, e2024006. http://doi:10.29392/001c.116248