Izicelo Zezempilo Zamaselula Zokunakekelwa Kwabakhulelwe E-Afrika:

Ukuthuthukisa Abesifazane Ngobuchwepheshe

Isingeniso

Emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwabakhulelwe okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kuseyinselele ngenxa yezinto ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinsiza zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezilinganiselwe, amabanga amade ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, kanye nemingcele yamasiko. Kodwa-ke, ukukhula okusheshayo kokusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini e-Afrika kuveza ithuba lokuvala leli gebe ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo eziphathwayo (mHealth). Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zinganikeza usizo olulula nolufinyelelekayo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, baqinisekise ukuthi bathola izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezibalulekile kanye nolwazi phakathi nohambo lwabo lokukhulelwa. Ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhulelwa okunempilo nokubeletha okuphephile. Nokho, emazweni amaningi ase-Afrika, abesifazane abakhulelwe babhekana nezithiyo zokufinyelela lezi zinsizakalo, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu okufa komama nezinsana. Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezempilo zamaselula zithole ukuduma eminyakeni yamuva nje njengesixazululo esingabizi kakhulu nesenyukayo sokuthuthukisa ukufinyelela nokulethwa kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zingahlinzeka ngebanga lezinsizakalo, ezifaka izikhumbuzi ze-aphoyintimenti, ukubonisana okubonakalayo, amathuluzi okuzigada, nezisetshenziswa zemfundo.

Izinzuzo Nezicelo:

Ukufinyelela Okuthuthukisiwe Kokunakekelwa Kwezempilo : Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zenza abesifazane abakhulelwe bathole izikhumbuzo ngesikhathi kanye nolwazi mayelana nokuvakasha kwabo ngaphambi kokubeletha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi abaphuthelwa ukuhlolwa okubalulekile. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka ezinsizeni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ikakhulukazi kulabo abahlala ezindaweni ezikude nabangakwazi ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezikhungweni zezempilo.
Ukulandelela I-aphoyintimenti Nokuhlelwa: Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zivumela abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi baphathe kalula ishejuli yabo ye-aphoyintimenti, babhukhe, bahlele kabusha, noma bakhansele ama-aphoyintimenti njengoba kudingeka. Izici ezifana nezaziso ezizenzakalelayo nezikhumbuzi zisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abesifazane bazilungiselele futhi bangakwazi ukuhlela ngokufanele ukunakekelwa kwabo kwangaphambi kokubeletha.
Ukubonisana Okubonakalayo: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zingasiza ukubonisana okubonakalayo nabahlinzeki bezempilo, kwenze abesifazane abakhulelwe bathole iseluleko sochwepheshe nokusekelwa okuvela ekunethezekeni kwamakhaya abo. Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abanobunzima bokuhamba noma ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezikhungweni zezempilo, okwenza ngcono ukufinyelela kwabo ekunakekelweni kokubeletha okuseqophelweni eliphezulu.
Izilungiselelo Zezinsiza Eziphansi: Ezindaweni lapho izinsiza zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zikhawulelwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zingasiza ukuvala igebe ngokunikeza usekelo nesiqondiso kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Zingasebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokwenza ngcono imiphumela yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nokunciphisa amazinga okufa komama nezinsana.

Amathuba Okusebenzisa:

Izindawo Zasemakhaya Nezikude: : Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zingadlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya nezikude ezinezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezilinganiselwe. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zinganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile nezikhumbuzi, zenze ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kufinyeleleke kakhudlwana.
Izilungiselelo Zezinsiza Eziphansi: Ezindaweni lapho izinsiza zokunakekelwa kwezempilo zikhawulelwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zingasiza ukuvala igebe ngokunikeza usekelo nesiqondiso kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Zingasebenza njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye nokunciphisa amazinga okufa komama nezinsana.

Izimiso Zokuziphatha :

Ubumfihlo Nokuvikeleka Kwedatha: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth kufanele ziqinisekise ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka kwedatha yomsebenzisi, okuhlanganisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu lwezempilo. Ukubethela okuqinile nokugcinwa kwedatha okuvikelekile kufanele kusetshenziswe ukuze kuvikelwe ulwazi olubucayi.
Imvume Enolwazi: Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele banikeze imvume yokwaziswa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth, ukuqonda injongo, izinzuzo ezingaba khona, nezingozi ezihilelekile. Izinqubo zemvume esobala kufanele zisungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abesifazane bazi ngokugcwele ukuthi idatha yabo izosetshenziswa kanjani.

Izinselele

Uxhumano Lwe-inthanethi: Ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okulinganiselwe kwezinye izindawo kungase kubangele inselele ekusetshenzisweni okubanzi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth. Lokhu kungaxazululwa ngokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingasebenza ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi noma ukusebenzisa obunye ubuchwepheshe obufana nemiyalezo ye-SMS.
Ukufunda nokubhala kanye namakhono edijithali: Abanye besifazane abakhulelwe bangase babe nolwazi olulinganiselwe lokufunda nokubhala kanye namakhono edijithali, okwenza kube inselele kubo ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ngempumelelo. Izixhumi ezibonakalayo ezisebenziseka kalula kanye nokuhlanganisa izinsiza ezibukwayo kungasiza ukunqoba le migoqo.
Okuqukethwe Kolimi Namasiko: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ziyatholakala ngezilimi zendawo futhi ziyazwela ngokwesiko kubalulekile ukuze zamukelwe nempumelelo ezimweni zase-Afrika.

Uhlelo Lokunciphisa :

Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zinselele, amasu alandelayo angasetshenziswa:

Uxhumano Lwe-inthanethi: Thuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MHealth ezingasebenza ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, okuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele ulwazi nezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi. Ukwengeza, sebenzisana nama-opharetha enethiwekhi yamaselula ukuze kwandiswe ukusabalala futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuxhumana ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle.
Ukufunda nokubhala kanye namakhono edijithali: Dizayina izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ezinokusebenzelana okunembile futhi zihlanganise izinsiza ezibonakalayo, ezizenza zifinyeleleke futhi zisebenziseke kalula kubantu abangakwazi ukufunda nokubhala okulinganiselwe kanye namakhono edijithali. Nikeza ngoqeqesho nokwesekwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuze bakhe ulwazi lwabo lwedijithali nokuzethemba ekusebenziseni izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Okuqukethwe Kolimi Namasiko: Qinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ziyatholakala ngezilimi zendawo, kucatshangelwa izinkambiso zamasiko, izinkolelo, nezinqubo. Hlanganyela nemiphakathi yasendaweni nabahlinzeki bezempilo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi okuqukethwe nemiyalezo kufaneleka ngokwesiko futhi kuyahambisana.

Izidingo zezindleko

Ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-MHealth zokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kuzobandakanya izindleko ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lokusebenza noma ekwenzeni ngendlela oyifisayo, ukusethwa kwengqalasizinda yokuphathwa kwedatha, nokuqeqeshwa kwabahlinzeki bezempilo nabasebenzisi. Nokho, lezi zindleko zingancishiswa ngokusebenzisana nababambiqhaza basendaweni kanye nokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda ekhona yomakhalekhukhwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufuna uxhaso lwezimali kuhulumeni, ama-NGO, nezinhlangano zentuthuko kungasiza ekwehliseni umthwalo wezezimali.

Ababambiqhaza Ababalulekile

Uhulumeni: Ohulumeni bangadlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni nasekusekeleni ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ngokuhlinzeka ngezinhlaka zenqubomgomo nokwesekwa kwengqalasizinda. Bangakwazi futhi ukwaba izimali zokuthuthukisa nokunakekela lezi zicelo.
Abahlinzeki Bezempilo: Ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki bezempilo, okuhlanganisa odokotela bokubelethisa, abahlengikazi, nababelethisi, kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo futhi kuhlanganiswe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth kumasevisi akhona okunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe. Okokufaka kwabo nobungcweti kungaqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza zihambisana nezinqubomgomo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo nemihlahlandlela.
Ama-Opharetha Enethiwekhi Yeselula: Ubambiswano nama-opharetha enethiwekhi yeselula luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokwandisa ukufinyelela kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth ezindaweni ezikude. Laba opharetha bangahlinzeka ngosekelo lobuchwepheshe, ukumbozwa kwenethiwekhi, futhi banikeze amandla izindleko zedatha kubasebenzisi bohlelo lokusebenza.
Ama-NGO kanye Nezinhlangano Zokuthuthukisa: Ama-NGO nezinhlangano zokuthuthukisa zinganikeza ukwesekwa okubalulekile ekuxhaseni ngemali, ekuqeqesheni, nasekukhulumeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth zokunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe. Bangakwazi futhi ukwenza ubudlelwano phakathi kwababambe iqhaza abahlukahlukene futhi baqinisekise ukusimama kohlelo.

Isiphetho

Izicelo zezempilo zamaselula zokunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe zinamandla okuguqula ukufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezempilo okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe e-Afrika. Ngokusebenzisa kabanzi omakhalekhukhwini, lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zinganikeza izikhumbuzo ezibalulekile, ulwazi, kanye nokubonisana okubonakalayo, zinikeze abesifazane amandla okuba babambe iqhaza ngokukhuthele ekunakekelweni kwabo kwezempilo. Nakuba izinselele ezifana nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okulinganiselwe kanye nolwazi oluncane lwedijithali kudingeka kubhekwane nalo, izinzuzo namathuba wezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-mHealth e-Afrika maningi kakhulu. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kohulumeni, abahlinzeki bezempilo, opharetha benethiwekhi yamaselula, nama-NGO kubalulekile ekuqaliseni ngempumelelo nasekukhuliseni lesi sixazululo, ekugcineni kube ngcono imiphumela yezempilo kamama nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kulo lonke izwekazi. Ngokuhlela okufanele, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kanye nokubandakanya ababambiqhaza, izicelo zezempilo eziphathwayo zingaba ithuluzi elinamandla lokunikeza abesifazane amandla kanye nokuguqula ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe e-Afrika.

Isihloko Esihlobene

Ukuhlola ukuba nokwenzeka kwe-eHealth kanye ne-mHealth: Ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwemizamo eyenziwa eKenya.