Isethulo: Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha kuyizikhathi ezibalulekile empilweni yowesifazane, futhi ukuzibandakanya komlingani osekelayo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu enhlalakahleni engokomzimba nengokomzwelo yabo bobabili umama nengane. Kodwa-ke, emiphakathini eminingi, ngokwesiko amadoda abekhishelwa ngaphandle kulolu hlelo, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwamathuba okuba ngcono kwemiphumela yezempilo kamama nezinsana. Ucwaningo olwenziwa eSibhedlela sase-Mulago, e-Uganda, lukhanyisela okuhlangenwe nakho kwamadoda kanye nemibono yokuzibandakanya kwabesilisa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kwabalingani babo ngesikhathi bekhulelwe nalapho bebeletha. Okutholakele kuveza isidingo sokungenelela okuhlosiwe ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukubamba iqhaza kwabesilisa kanye nokuzibandakanya. Lesi sihloko sidingida izincomo zalolu cwaningo futhi sigqamisa iqhaza elibalulekile ababambiqhaza ababalulekile abangalibamba ekukhuthazeni ukuzibandakanya kwabesilisa ekukhulelweni nasekubelethweni kwengane. Ukuqonda Okuhlangenwe Nakho Nemibono Yamadoda: Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi amadoda anezincazelo ezehlukene zobudlelwane babo kanye nezibopho zabo ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kophathina babo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha. Nakuba amadoda athile ayekubona kuyisibopho sawo ukunakekela nokusekela, amanye akubheka njengelungelo lawo. Noma kunjalo, bonke ababambiqhaza bakubonile ukubaluleka kokuzibandakanya ohambweni lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lwabalingani babo. Obaba abalungile babekhona ngesikhathi sokubeletha, benikeza ukusekelwa okungokomzwelo nokungokoqobo kubalingani babo. Izithiyo Zokubandakanyeka Kwabesilisa: Naphezu kokubona ukubaluleka kokuhileleka, amadoda abhekana nezithiyo ezimbalwa ezazinciphisa ukuhlanganyela kwawo phakathi nokukhulelwa nokubeletha. Uhlelo lwezempilo ngokwalo lwahlonzwa njengesithiyo esikhulu, amadoda azizwa ekhishwa inyumbazane futhi ehlukanisiwe endaweni yasesibhedlela. Ukungacacisi mayelana nezindima zabo nezibopho zabo ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwenza lo muzwa wokushiywa ngaphandle. Izincomo Zokuphromotha Ukubandakanywa Kwabesilisa:
- Khulisa Ukuqwashisa: Ukuze kugqugquzelwe ukuzibandakanya okukhulu kwabesilisa, kumele kuthuthukiswe imikhankaso yokuqwashisa ukuze kugcizelelwe ukubaluleka kokuhlanganyela kobaba ekukhulelweni nasekubelethweni kwengane. Le mikhankaso kufanele igqamise imithelela emihle yokuzibandakanya kwabesilisa emiphumeleni yezempilo kamama nezinsana.
- Imfundo Yokukhulelwe Eqondiswe Abesilisa: Izinhlelo zemfundo yangaphambi kokubeletha kufanele zenzelwe ukubhekana ngqo nezinto ezikhathaza amadoda nezithakaselayo. Ukunikeza ulwazi mayelana nezinzuzo zokubandakanyeka okusebenzayo, indima abangayidlala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha, namakhono angokoqobo afana nokusekela ukuncelisa kungakhuthaza ukuhlanganyela okukhulu.
- Isimo Sengqondo Somhlinzeki Wekheli: Abahlinzeki bezempilo badlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni noma ekuvimbeleni ukubandakanyeka kwabesilisa. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha kufanele zenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe amakhono okuxhumana nabahlinzeki futhi kugqugquzelwe ukunakekelwa okubucayi kobulili. Abahlinzeki kufanele baqwashiswe ngokubaluleka kokufakwa kobaba futhi baziswe ngomthelela ukuziphatha kwabo nezimo zabo zengqondo ekubandakanyekeni kwabesilisa.
- Ukwakha Izindawo Zesibhedlela Ezamukelayo: Izibhedlela nezindawo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kufanele zilwele ukwakha indawo yokwamukela neyokweseka amadoda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda njengezindawo zokulinda ezikhululekile zobaba, izimpawu ezicacile nolwazi mayelana neqhaza labo namalungelo, kanye nezinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ngokusobala futhi ezikhuthaza ukuzibandakanya kwabesilisa.
Abadlali Beqhaza Ababalulekile Ekuthuthukiseni Ukubandakanywa Kwabesilisa:
- UMnyango Wezempilo: UMnyango Wezempilo udlala indima ebalulekile ekubekeni izinqubomgomo nemihlahlandlela ehlobene nempilo kamama nezinsana. Kufanele babeke eqhulwini ukukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kwabesilisa futhi babele izinsiza zokweseka imikhankaso yokuqwashisa, imfundo eqondiswe ngamadoda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabahlinzeki.
- Abahlinzeki Bezempilo: Odokotela, abahlengikazi kanye nababelethisi baphambili futhi baxhumana ngqo nabashadile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abahlinzeki kufanele zenziwe futhi zisetshenziswe ukuze zibahlomise ngolwazi namakhono adingekayo ekunakekelweni okubucayi kobulili kanye nokuxhumana okuphumelelayo nabo bobabili omama nobaba.
- Abaholi Bomphakathi: Abaholi ezingeni lomphakathi, okuhlanganisa nabaholi bezenkolo nabendabuko, bangaba nomthelela ezinkambisweni zamasiko nezinkolelo eziphathelene nokuzibandakanya kwabesilisa ekukhulelweni nasekubeletheni. Ukwesekwa kwabo kanye nokuvumela ukubamba iqhaza kwabesilisa kungasiza ekuguquleni izimo zengqondo nezinqubo zomphakathi.
- Izinhlangano Okungezona Ezikahulumeni (ama-NGO): Ama-NGO anolwazi lwezempilo zokuzala kanye nokulingana kobulili angadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqaliseni ukungenelela ukukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kwabesilisa. Bangakwazi ukusebenzisana nezikhungo zezempilo kanye nabaholi bomphakathi ukuze baklame futhi basebenzise imikhankaso yokuqwashisa, basungule izinhlelo zokusekela, futhi bamele izinguquko zenqubomgomo.
Isiphetho: Ukugqugquzela ukuzibandakanya kwabesilisa ekukhulelweni nasekubeletheni kubalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe imiphumela yezempilo kamama nengane esanda kuzalwa. Ngokubhekana nezithiyo amadoda abhekana nazo futhi asebenzise ukungenelela okuhlosiwe, singakha uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo olungagcini nje ngokuqaphela ukubaluleka kobaba kodwa oluzibandakanya futhi lubasekele ngenkuthalo. Izincomo ezivezwe ocwaningweni zinikeza umhlahlandlela wababambe iqhaza ababalulekile ukuze basebenzisane futhi basebenzele ukufeza lo mgomo. Ngomzamo ohlangene woMnyango Wezempilo, abahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo, abaholi bomphakathi, nama-NGO, singakha uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo olubandakanya wonke umuntu nolusekelayo oluzuzisa abesifazane, amadoda, nezingane zabo. Ngokusekelwe Ekushicilelweni Okulandelayo Ukuzibandakanya kwabesilisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha: Imibono yamadoda, imikhuba kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa kwabesifazane ababa nezinkinga zokubeletha esibhedlela sase-Mulago, e-Uganda . I-BMC Yokukhulelwa Nokubeletha, Umqulu 14, No. 1, Unyaka ka-2014